Carburetor



P. MEUNIER Nov. ll, 1930.

GARBURETOR 2 Sheets-Sheet l Filed May 19, 1927 s 'llqlvf'...

P. MEUNIER Nov. ll, 1930.

CARBURETOR Filed May 19, 1927 2. Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Nov. 11, 1930 PATFETQFFI CYARBURETOR Application mea May 19, 1927, serial No. 192,715, and 'm-Frame and Luxemburg December 13,1926.

The present invention'consists iin providlng acarburetor having a diffuser withradial air intakes, disposed in several rows if necessary, and situated approximately at the tops of themain and of the low speed nozzles which are both fed by the same gasoline pipe.

Such air intakes, which really furnish the I main air supply, are used for the purpose of ,v insuring a particularly er'iergetic 4agitation of the carbureted mixture formed in the diffusers and of thus obtaining a more homo- -Y ygeneous mixture aswell as amore rapid igniftion ofthe latter,1i. e`. a more complete comfbustion' giving therefore a better thermal eficiency for all operating conditions. c

' In order to further impro-ve theresults thus c obtained, the inventionprovides in addition for the use of a main diffuser the tapered top of which is formed by bellshaped members .forming together as bell-V mouth surrounded yby annular passageways,gwhi ch havethe ef-1 fect `ofproducing a very strong turbulence in 'fthe carbureted'mi-xture and' of thus avoidv. ing any, condensationbefore admission to the engine cylinders. V- l j v Moreover, in order' to improve thev operation at low speed, while insuring more rapid and uniform acceleration, theqinvention provides for feeding the main nozzle and the low speed nozzle through separate pipes.

through one or several air intakes on the main diffuser, it being thus-possible to suitably re-A 40 duce the richness/.of the mixture vgiven by the.

low speed nozzle, whichl is that necessaryfor lproper acceleration.

' Moreover by a special form of construction,

the invention provides for the combination;

of two separate concentric lloat chambers,V for the purpose of enabling heavy oils to'be Y used. The outer chamber containing an annular float is supplied with the heavy hydro` carbon and feeds the main nozzle, while the y inner chamber with an ordinary float is supplied withV gasoline olotherlight vfuel and vfeeds the low speedrnozzle. y y .y

The invention yfinally provides that, forV using residual oils, the main nozzle must be formed by an emulsi-lier, so as to overcome the viscosity of the oil andto enable the latter. to be more easily atomized by the mixing intakes and `bell mouths in the -diffuserf` By way of example, several forms of construction embodying the invention are describedf 50 below in reference to the accompanying drawings,inwhich;V l* ,y fr Fig. l isa vertical axial section ofga carburetor built accordin'gtoy one of the forms of construction provided by the `invention.; Fig. 2 is a partial vertical axial section, ofv

VtheI butterfly .valve in a carburetorfdesigned according to a special form-of construction of the invention. y c i r Fig. 3 is ahorizontal axialsection-of-the butterfly valvev shown in Fig. 2.k r. .Figc 4 is a partial section of acarburetor .with two separate t'leatchambers,wforv using heavyoils. i' :Fig 5 is av verticalaxial section showing details of anemulsier substituted for the lmainnozzle in case mineral residual is used.

According tov the' form of construction shown in Fig. 1, the straight part Q of the main diffuser acting nthe main nozzle,.is.0 In: addition, the butterfly A throttle valve can be designed-sov as to enable the explosive mixture ysuitable for .operating the engine at low speed,to be obtained -bymeans of theV l35 adjustingscrew cooperating with`the `clos-v` ing stop and impoverishingthe mixture coming from the low speed nozzle with air drawn made as ifit were composed of two funnels el 'e2' nesteditogethzerbut held acertain dis-l tance apart so as toileavean annular passageL f between them, the lower' funnell e2 covering the flared upper opening ofthe diffuser, but leaving an annular passage g. e 'Y i The said annularpassagesgf and yg are narrow toward the outside, so that the explosive mixture passing throught-them is subjected toa throttling action and is directed in broken annular streams against the, walls of the straight passage in thefitting b.

.The said mixture thus crdivide'd, balled, um'

' 20 let'openmg onthe main fnozzlefandiff necesj throttled and broken, is therefore ini a very fturbulenti condition on leaving the diffuser, and 11o-'condensation can occur. A l

The fueli's supplied to the main nozzle ,w through theconduit 71,. i l.

1 The aiuriliary nozzle y, fed bya special canalffzgidischarges intothe diffuser which-is g connected to v thek lcarburetorfoutle't openingthrough thecanal Z ope'ning'into anannular groove m in the stem n of thefbutterfly Valve the said outletV opening by a suitable passage,

The said groove communicateswith not shown.

.Inni this. case zalso'-, i :the .explosive mixture `from the loWl speed nozzle issubjectedto an energetic agitation; tov-sudden 1 changes of dif j lr'ectionfand, to th'rott'lingwhich,v on account VUV"of the `high velocity of fiovv,put the'said mixture into a very turbulent condition; l

iIn addition', it'istobe notedthat 'the'wout- `f.sary-'thatfonthe compensating nozzle, isfpref- -erablyl funnel shaped 'or lsimilarly flared", so

that" a certain?y reserve `quantityof combustibleliq'uid will alwaysibe available in 'the said tflinneliin vorder lto "facilitate starting and accelerating the engine :fed through the-'carl' fbureto'r. I f

j invention will Vpermit th'e" utilization, with' 4fperfectly satisfactory results, 'ofheavy oils f .It will be understoodthat under' conditions a. carburetor ybuilt according to the 'the use'of which is becoming general especially'lvvith heavy vehicles, on accountof ythe f Lecon'omyobtained. f

-p'rox'fiding.v twobe'll mou'ths 1 in the diffuser. The numberofsuchf-bell vv'mouths can be in- 4means ofthe adjusting screw co-operating l `f ingr the v'richness `of `themixturecoming. from thelowfspeed nozzle y .with air'taken from the Ymain Y diffuser `through one or several i'n- Y I; f'lets'such as g. The said low speed nozzle is in this `case connected vto the carburetor out- .V `letLopening 'lc by theconduit Z opening'into a" groove or. notch mi inthe butterfly valve stem" n, andfby a vertical conduit o communil 55-'cating`W-ith'one or several openings pdirected# towards the eng'nean'd :preferably coinciding With4 the air; intake openings fg.-

It-=is Vevident that the "notchm will be4 designed Vwith -a'suitablerlength so'that the 'r'communic'atinwithfthe conduit conductingv l j the ylovvvspeed mixture Will'fbje cut' oil' asv soon the invention provides for the use of twouconcentric float chambers fr and s. offdfferent diameters, in la-s'ingle carburetor. The` outer v chamber 1, intendedfor receiving the heavy hydrocarbon,` contains an annular floatf t and communicates with the main nozzle m through a supply-conduit h Whilefthecentral chamber q Withanor'dinary float u and'corftaining the gasoline', communicates With they-'10W i speednozzle throughthe conduitkz'.

anyaveather'and operated at` low vspeedby light fuel ,fedv through the low speed nozzle.

` .Acceleration .isinsured bythe addition of gasoline to ythevheavy hydrocarbon fedffrom the'r'nain nozzle, up to the momentwhen the notch provided. fin-the' Vbiltt'erfly: valve, 'stem no lon-ger communicates /With thepfcondu-it j "nozzle, on'account of the angularfmovementoft-he said butterfly valve. I At this "mbmen't, Ythe 'main nozzle only `willy fe'eid'l the-engine. 'Heavy hydrocarbons-"such as kerosene,i lcatalytic Ygasoline, heavy benzole, etc;.jcan..xfbe

*especially lin Avievv-V of'the yuse of residualppe- "ft'le'm, Th'is nozzle, which"V acts f Las fan -emulsiierf, is'composed-fo'f fa vtube which is inserted lthel tubular gp'a'rt "of a: ca

Y" sup-ported by "a isleeve' :surrounding the The central Ltubular 'part of thei-cap fz. l1s

l"liquid filling' the 7'tube to'izpass intof` fthe'sai'd i sages and bell Vmouths ein the 1 diffuser p vfto fatomiz'efit Y f i j Claim:

' a" cross headofl 'exterior' truncated form sur- 'f f mounting jthis' itub'e, yand@having 'a' 1`'c'er'itraL widened-'Opening' injthe' top, Jsaidhead1also@ ving I its fwall' hickenedand overhanging en helinnrfsde andi-pr videdwthannular jpyjsege's; orieabtve ansehen-said battipagffeoniear surface off the -fe'aidiheaa j @PIA-UL :'MEUNIER.

fas the engine has.-Y accelerated, i. Ye. Whenithe latter'receives asuicient supply offuelfrmv the main nozzle..

Agarra'ngement .t has; theL l.effect fof n v setti'ng upg'a circulation of air.I'Ja'ssin'g-throligh Vthe -liquid fini t-he xdirection":indicated:bygthefV arrowsrand of thus producing aniemulsiorfvlr ofthefres'idual oil for ftheV purpose 'rof-vercoming*itsfviscosityfand helping-.theairpas-k j '1i l; y.iin n' 'l fr for mternalf combustlon Y 

